Thursday 17 December 2009

Evian water



Wednesday 16 December 2009

Adverts found



Front Cover Mock ups





Water kills more people than war

Posters found for 'Charity: water' for one of the adverts in the magazine.






Images found for the double page advert.

I created the advert using some of these pictures I found while browsing on google.















The finished advert I created.

Tuesday 15 December 2009

Images used for inspiration for the front cover

Clean Water





Dirty Water


Monday 7 December 2009

World Water Day 2009



This video from DFID and World Vision provides an overview of the issues faced in developing countries caused by the lack of clean and safe water.

900 million people around the world still dont have access to clean and safe drinking water. This affects their health, their ability to go to school, their chances of getting a job, their futures.

Learn more about what the UK government and Worldvision are doing to change this at www.dfid.gov.uk or www.worldvision.org.uk/water

Friday 4 December 2009

Africa water Resources

Climate Change

Changes to the earth's climate have a direct effect on the global hydrological cycle and hence on water. Changes in climate are thought to be responsible for increasing the extremes of flood and drought, both of which, together with other circumstances such as increasing populations and environmental degradation, tend to effect the poor the greatest. One of the most notable causes of climate change is global warming due at least partially to the emission of 'greenhouse gasses'.

Increasing concern is being expressed by NGOs, academics, governments and UN agencies regarding climate change which has led to the 1992 United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and the 1997 Kyoto Protocol. There remains no comprehensive agreement amongst nations on the implementation of the convention or the protocol, however.



Climate Change Information Sheet 13
Information Unit for Conventions, UNEP

* Climate change will lead to more precipitation - but also to more evaporation. In general, this acceleration of the hydrological cycle will result in a wetter world. The question is, how much of this wetness will end up where it is needed?
* Precipitation will probably increase in some areas and decline in others. Climate models are still unable to make precise regional predictions. In addition, the hydrological cycle is extremely complex: a change in precipitation may affect surface wetness, reflectivity, and vegetation, which then affect evapo-transpiration and cloud formation, which in turn affect precipitation. Meanwhile, the hydrological system is also responding to other human activities such as deforestation, urbanization, and the over-use of water supplies.
* Changing precipitation patterns will affect how much water can be captured. Several models suggest that downpours will become more intense. This would increase floods and runoff while reducing the ability of water to infiltrate the soil. Changes in seasonal patterns may affect the regional distribution of both ground and surface water supplies.
* The drier the climate, the more sensitive is the local hydrology. Relatively small changes in temperature and precipitation could cause relatively large changes in runoff. Arid and semi-arid regions will therefore be particularly sensitive to reduced rainfall and to increased evaporation and plant transpiration.
* High-latitude regions may see more runoff due to greater precipitation. Runoff would also be affected by a reduction in snowfall, deep snow, and glacier ice, particularly in the spring and summertime when it is traditionally used for hydroelectricity and agriculture. All climate change models show increased wintertime soil moisture in the high northern latitudes, with a reduction of moisture in some areas. Most models produce less soil moisture in summer in northern mid latitudes, including some important grain producing areas; these projections are more consistent for Europe than for North America.
* The effects on the tropics are harder to predict. Different climate models produce different results for the future intensity and distribution of tropical rainfall.
* Reservoirs and wells would be affected. Changes at the surface would influence the recharging of groundwater supplies and, in the longer term, aquifers. Water quality may also respond to changes in the amount and timing of precipitation.
* New patterns of runoff and evaporation will also affect natural ecosystems. Freshwater ecosystems will respond to altered flood regimes and water levels. Changes in water temperatures and in the thermal structure of fresh waters could affect the survival and growth of certain organisms, and the diversity and productivity of ecosystems. Changes in runoff, groundwater flows, and precipitation directly over lakes and streams would affect nutrients and dissolved organic oxygen, and therefore the quality and clarity of the water.
* Rising seas could invade coastal freshwater supplies. Coastal aquifers may be damaged by saline intrusion as salty groundwater rises. The movement of the salt-front up estuaries would affect freshwater pumping plants upriver.
* Reduced water supplies would place additional stress on people, agriculture, and the environment. Regional water supplies, particularly in developing countries, will come under many stresses in the 21st century. Climate change will exacerbate the stresses caused by pollution and by growing populations and economies. The most vulnerable regions are arid and semi-arid areas, some low-lying coasts, deltas, and small islands.
* Conflicts could be sparked by the additional pressures. The links among climate change, water availability, food production, population growth, and economic growth are many and complex. But climate change is likely to add to economic and political tensions, particularly in regions that already have scarce water resources. A number of important water systems are shared by two or more nations, and in several cases there have already been international conflicts.
* Improved water resource management can help to reduce vulnerabilities. New supplies must be developed and existing supplies used more efficiently. Long-term management strategies should include: regulations and technologies for directly controlling land and water use, incentives and taxes for indirectly affecting behavior, the construction of new reservoirs and pipelines to boost supplies, and improvements in water-management operations and institutions. Other adaptation measures can include removing levees to maintain flood plains, protecting waterside vegetation, restoring river channels to their natural form, and reducing water pollution.

http://www.africanwater.org/climatech_fact_sheet13.htm

GOOD: Drinking Water



Water is dubbed the Source of life but it is also the source of Death.